AI Agent Handoffs: How to Transfer Tasks Between Agents
Learn how AI agent handoffs work — patterns, context transfer, failure modes, and framework comparisons. Build RELIABLE multi-agent systems. 2026 guide.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is an AI agent handoff?
An AI agent handoff is a mechanism by which one agent transfers control — and conversation context — to another agent. It is typically implemented as a special tool call that the sending agent makes, which triggers the receiving agent to take over the task with full awareness of what has been done so far.
What is the difference between agent-as-tools and a true handoff?
In the agent-as-tools pattern, an orchestrator calls a sub-agent as a function and gets the result back — keeping control throughout. In a true handoff, control fully passes to the new agent and the original agent stops processing. Use agent-as-tools for controlled delegation; use true handoffs for domain switching between specialists.
How do you prevent infinite loops in multi-agent handoffs?
Set a maximum step budget, declare explicit handoff paths so each agent lists exactly who it can hand off to, and add loop detection via state deduplication. Never allow two agents to hand off to each other without a termination condition.
What data should be passed during an agent handoff?
Pass a structured summary of task progress, current state variables, and only the relevant portion of conversation history. Avoid dumping the raw full history — it overwhelms the receiving agent and inflates token costs. Use an input_filter or context compaction to trim what gets passed.
When should an AI agent hand off to a human?
Hand off to a human when the agent's confidence is below threshold, the decision is high-stakes, the agent has been looping for too many steps, or the user explicitly requests it. Treat human-in-the-loop as a first-class routing destination, not an afterthought.